EMC Training

aEMCs provides tailored, in-house, on site EMC/EMI courses to help bring your engineering staff and technicians up to speed. We have partnered with leading EMC instructor specialists to provide twenty-nine generic and applications courses. EMC Design and EMI Control courses have also been scheduled at key locations in North America throughout the year.

Lead Instructors
Clients

On Site Courses

Registration
Web site created by Greg McNeill

Lead Instructors

Don White

Don White, the international EMC guru, is President of Don White Consultants (DWCI). He holds BSEE and MSEE degrees from the Univ. of Maryland. Don lectures and consults in the USA, Canada and overseas on EMC and related topics. He has held earlier positions in the government, and large and small industry. Don has published 13 EMC-related books, three trade journals, and appx. 200 technical articles. He is past president of the IEEE professional group on EMC.

Bill Duff

Bill Duff is Technical Director at Sentel. He has a BEE degree from GWU, a MSEE fron Syracuse Univ., and a DS.cEE from Clayton Univ. Bill has been practicing wireless communication systems engineering for many years. He is active in RF system design for EMI/EMC in cosite electromagnetic environments. Bill has written four books, over 50 technical papers, and taught numerous courses on EMI/EMC. He is a Fellow in the IEEE, a NARTE Certified EMC Engineer and Past President of the IEEE/EMC.

William H. (Bill) Parker

Bill Parker is a registered professional engineer in California, with 27 years experience in EMC, and is a certified EMC Engineer by NARTE. He has vast real world experience in laboratory and field EMI testing, troubleshooting, and problem solving. Bill has taught seminars and consulted in eighteen states and seven foreign countries. Since 1989, he has owned and operated Parker EMC Engineering, a professional consulting firm. Bill has been teaching seminars and consulting since 1982.


Clients

The following is a list of past on-site, training courses provided by our lead instructors. The list does not include the approximately 56,000 engineers and technicians taught worldwide at open, published seminars over the past 25 years.

3M Company, St. Paul, MN
ADC Telec., Minneapolis, MN
AEG Westinghouse, Pittsburgh, PA
AGT Limited, Edmonton, Canada
AIL Systems, Deer Park, NY
Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
Alberta Telecom, Calgary, Canada
Allergen Humphry, San Leandre, CA
Allied Signal, Phoenix, AZ
Allied Signal, Mississauga
ARGO Systems, Sunnyvale, CA
Bailey Controls, Wickliffe, OH
Bakersfield Memorial Hosp., Bakersfield, CA
Bal Seals Engineering, Santa Ana, CA
Baptist Medical Center, Jackson, FL
Baxter Healthcare, Round Lake, IL
Bell Northern Rsch., Ottawa, Canada
Bettis Atomic Power Lab, West Mifflin, PA
BG Autom. Motors, Hendersonville,TN
Boeing Aerospace, Huntsville, AL
Boeing Defense, Philadelphia, PA
Bonnieville Power Administration Bosie Corp., Yuma, AZ
Brazil Govt. Test Labs, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Brazilian Army Comm., Washington, DC
Brazilian Navy Brotman Medical Ctr, Culver City, CA
Calmount Wire & Cable, Santa Ana, CA
Camarillo State Hospital, Camarillo, CA
Canadian Forces, Ontario, Canada
Canadian Marconi, Ontario, Canada
Caterpillar Inc., Mossville, IL
Central Intelligence Agency, Washing., DC
Cessna Aircraft, Wichita, KS
Chandler Evans, W. Hartford, CT
Chrysler Corp., MI
Civilian Personnel Office, White Sand, NM
ComDev, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada
Compaq Computers, Houston, TX
Computing Devices, Canada
Conner, San Jose, CA
Criticon, Tampa, FL
Curtis Wright Corporation DLCSPM, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Deluxe Equipment, St. Paul, MN
Department of Energy, Idaho Falls, ID
Department of Navy, Philadelphia, PA
Desert Springs Hospital, Las Vegas, NV
Diagnostics Systems Group, Brea, CA
Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, MA
Digital Processing Systems Dow Corning Corp., Midland, MI
Dukane Ultrasonic, St. Charles, IL
DuPont, Newton, CT
Eastman Kodak, Rochester, NY
EG&G Energy Measuremt., Las Vegas, NV
Electrobras, Rio DeJan., Brazil
Electronic Test Center, Edmonton, Canada
Entergy, RBS, St. Francisville, LA
Environmental Effects, Ft. Huachuca, AZ
European Space Agency, Netherlands
Food and Drug Admin., Washington, DC
Ford Motor, Dearborn, MI
French Space Agency, Toulouse, France
Ft. Huachuca, US Army
Ft. Hustes, US Army
Ft. Monmouth, US Army
G.E. Marconi, England
G.E. Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI
George Marshall SFC, NASA
German Space Ag, Bremen, Germany
Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA
Gichner Shelter Systems, Dallastown, PA
Gulfstream Aerospace, Savannah, GA
Hawder Sidley, England
Hewlett Packard, Loveland
Hewlett Packard Medical Instruments
Hewlett Packard, Palo Alto, CA
Honeywell, Phoenix, AZ
Human Hospital, Las Vegas, NV
IBM, Gaithersburg, MD
IBM, Johnson City, NY
IBM, Manassas, VA
IBM, Oswego, NY
IBM, San Jose, CA
India Government, Madras Injection Research, Colorado Springs, CO
Inland Steel, East Chicago, IN
Israel Aircraft Industries
Isdud Kaiser Foundation Hospital, Bellflower, CA
Kennedy Space Flight Center, NASA
John Deere, Moline, IL
Johnson Space Center, NASA
LAC-Rancho, Downey, CA
Lake Hospital System, Painesville, OH
Langley Research Center, NASA
Lawrence Livermore Labs, Livermore, CA
Lockheed-Martin Missiles & Space Los Alamos Laboratories M/D
Totco Instrumentation Maine
Public Broadcasting McKay Comm., Elizabeth, NJ
Marshall Space Flight Center, NASA
Martin Luther Hospital, Anaheim, CA
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
McDonnell Douglas, ESC, FL
McMaster Carr, Elmhurst, IL
Medical University of SC, Charleston, SC
Medtronic's, Minneapolis, MN
Megahertz, Inc.
U.S. Robotics
SLC
UT Messerschmitt, Munchen, Germany
Mitsubishi Motors, Japan
Motorola, Boynton Beach, FL
Motorola, Plantation, FL
Motorola, Schaumburg, IL
Motorola, Northbrook, IL
Motorola, Arlington Heights, IL
Motorola, Ontario, Canada
National Bureau of Standards, (NIST)
National Security Agency, Ft. George, MD
National Technological University Naval Air Warfare Center, Lakehurst
Naval Air Warfare Center, Orlando, FL
Naval Air Warfare Center, Paxtuent River
Naval Aviation Depot, San Diego, CA
Naval Electronics, Vallejo, CA
Naval Ordnance Center, Crane
USN Naval Ordnance Laboratory
USN Naval Surface Weapons Center
USN Naval Weapons Laboratory
USN Northern Telecom, Raleigh, NC
Ontario Hydro, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Perkin, Pomona, CA
Petroleum, Bryan, TX
Physio Control, Redmond, WA
Pickatinny Arsenal, US Army
Picker International, Highland Height, OH
Pitney Bowes, Shelton, CT
Portland General Energy, Portland, OR
Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, NH
Precision Systems, St. Petersburg, FL
Qualcomm, San Diego, CA
Randex, Nashua, NH
RayProof, Norwalk, CT
Redstone Arsenal, US Army
Richard Wolf GmbH, Knittlingen BRD
Rochester Gas & Electric, Rochester, NY
Rockwell International, Cedar Rapids, IA
Royal Australian Air Force
Royal Navy, Portsmouth, UK
Sandi National Lab., Albuquerque, NM
Sematech, Austin, TX
South African Government, Pretoria
SPAR Aerospace, Belleue, Canada
St. Jude's, Memphis, TN
St. Mary's Regional, Reno, NV
Stewart & Stevenson Services Symbol Tech., Costa Mesa, CA
Tecknit, Cranford, NJ
Teklec Inc., Calabasas, CA
Telebras, Brazil
Teledyne Brown, Huntsville, AL
Toshiba, San Francisco, CA
University Medical Center, Las Vegas, NV
V-Band, Elmsford, NY
WEMS, Inc., Hawthorne, CA
Western Telecommunications
White Sands Missile Range, USA

 


On-Site Courses

Background

Your staff will be taught how EMC and EMI control is done in the conceptual stages, design, production, installation, diagnostic or upgrade and retrofit stages of the life cycle of your products or systems. This is done completely at your own facility, so there is no travel and per diem cost or lost time traveling. The biggest cost of training your engineers and technicains is not the cost of our course. To offset any perceived "lost work time" by those taking the course, part of the in-house training time is earmarked to solve your existing project or system EMI problems. Projected overheads and/or actual hardware are critiqued by the instructor in front of the class with student participation including Q & A, strategies and options. This also helps apply and bind what has been learned.

Applications

The on-site courses offered by aEMCs apply to the following areas:

EMI - RFI - EMC - ESD - E3 APPLICATIONS ORIENTED

Vehicles and Buildings
Industrial and Commercial
Communications and Computers
Power Generation and Distribution
Aircraft
Automatic Test Equipment
Computers & Peripherals
Elec. Power Generation
Architectural Design
Consumer Electronics
Telecommunications
Nuclear Power Plants
Boats & Ships
Electrical Appliances
Cellular & PCS
Power Transmission
Buildings & Facilities
Industrial Controls (I&C)
Cable & Connectors
Substations
Hospitals & Clinics
Lightning Control
LAN, WAN &DSL
Power Distribution
Motor Vehicles
Luminaries
Mobile Communications
Power Quality
Rapid Rail Transport
Medical Electronics
CATV, Telecom & Fiber
Power Conditioning
Spacecraft
Safety & Security Systems
PCBs & Backplanes
Power Supplies & Reg.
Military Vehicles
Audio & Video Products
Telephone Plants & OSP
UPS & Backups

 

Courses

Twenty-nine different courses are available. Compressed one-day versions are offered for very tight budgets. Courses may be combined in many different ways and tailored to meet the customer's specific missions or application. Courses are divided into generic and application-oriented, as listed below:

Generic Courses

  • EMC - All You Need to Know
  • Introduction to EMI/RFI/EMC
  • Grounding and Shielding
  • EMC and Project Management
  • Practical EMI Fixes
  • Cable Design and Installation
  • PCB Design & Layout
  • EMC for Packaging Engineers
  • FCC and EU Compliance
  • MIL-STD-461, -462 and System-level Test and Compliance
  • Electrostatic Discharge Diagnostics, Design and Retrofit
  • Anatomy of EMI Failures and Solutions
  • Power Conditioning
  • Lightning and Its Control
  • Basics of EMFs and their Control


Applications Courses

  • Printed Circuit Boards
  • EMI Control in the Design & Installation of Telecommunications
  • EMC Wireless Communication System Design
  • Computer Room Design
  • Industrial Process Control (I&C)
  • EMI Control in the Design of Buildings & Facilities
  • EMI Control in Medical Electronics and Hospitals
  • Mobile Communications Systems
  • EMI Control in Weapon System & Military Vehicles
  • EMI Control in the Design & Testing of Aircraft and Spacecraft
  • EMI Control in Motor Vehicles
  • Power Generation and Nuclear Facility
  • Power Transmit, Substations & Distribution

 

Getting Started

Getting started on an in-house course is quite simple. Just follow the steps below:

  • Call to get our in-house training course kit and procedures.
  • Discuss your needs or ideas with one of our EMC engineer instructors.
  • Identify mission objectives and course expectations.
  • We prepare a preliminary course syllabus and pricing package.
  • You mark up the syllabus with "emphasize", "de-emphasize", etc.
  • The instructor fine-tunes the course syllabus and offers you several options.
  • We continue to guide you all the way until a satisfactory program is developed.

To get started, just call 1.800.565.2787 and ask for Allan Kiesler. Alternatively, you can send an e-mail to akiesler@aEMCs.com. You will be referred to an engineer who will personally help you select the right course or tailor a hybrid for you.


2002 Scheduled Courses

aEMCs and Don White Consultants are pleased to present the Spring 2002 Course Schedule in EMI Control, Wireless EMC Engineering, EMC for Managers and MIL-STD-461E & -464 Compliance

About Our All-New Courses

Objectives:
Rapid technology transfer to arm design, systems and installation engineers and technicians to solve EMI-related problems with supporting rationale.

What these courses are not:

  • About EMI-related regulations and compliance testing
  • Academic and theoretical emphasis, per se
  • EMC information space fillers and "fluff"
  • EMC rules and techniques without rationale


What these courses provide:

  • A blend of the analytical and pragmatic
  • Solutions to real-world, today and tomorrow problems
  • Design and installation focus and tools
  • "War stories", strategies and solutions with rationale
  • Consulting during the course on your project

Course Strategy and Expectations:
All Don White Consultants courses are a blend of the analytical and the pragmatic, with supporting rationale. Concepts are highly illustrated to enhance your grasp and are buttressed by math models, where practical, to facilitate understanding. Sometimes, computer-software is run to portray inputs with output results and "what-if" gaming. Re physical reliability, photographs of hardware are shown with installations, where available, or hardware show-and-tell is used and passed around in class. The concept objective is total multimedia immersion and is far superior and faster than traditional training with "hands-on" demonstrations.

Q&A During a Course:
Your questions throughout the course are extremely important to us. In addition to providing us feedback, others in the class may have a similar question. Remember, there is no such thing as a stupid question. Only a poor answer.

Consulting During a Course:
Bring your unsolved problems to the course. If of general interest, you may be invited to present them before the entire class for critique and solutions. Otherwise, discuss them with the instructor at breaks, before the class begins or at the end of the day.

What you take home:

  • An exhilarating experience with new tools and solutions
  • An understanding of EMI-control Methodology & Procedures
  • Two highly-illustrated handbooks, one of which is
          The EMC, Computer and Telecom Encyclopedia,
         3rd Edition by Don White
  • Problem-solving software on CD-ROM
  • Eagerness to solve old/new existing problems back at the plant


About the Instructors: Don White, Bill Duff and Bill Parker

  • Seasoned, international EMC gurus
  • Collectively taught 19,000 engineers and technicians worldwide
  • Written 16 EMC-related books
  • Masters at technology transfer
  • Two are past IEEE/EMC Presidents


Who Should Attend:

  • Electronics Engineers and Technicians
  • Mechanical and Packaging Engineers
  • Engineering Managers
  • Selected Marketing and Sales Engineers
  • Others with "need-to-know"


Course Guarantee:
All DWC courses are guaranteed to provide substantial technology transfer. In the extremely unlikely event, you are not pleased at any time during the course, advise the instructor and your tuition will be refunded in full.

Grounding & Shielding
(2 days)

Course Overview and Expectations

Day 1, a.m. - Basics of Grounding

An Overview of EMI/EMC/ESD
    
What is EMI and EMC?
     Examples and Case Histories
     EMI Episodes and Solutions
     Present State of the EMC Science and Future
The Reasons and Rationale for Grounding
Grounding Myths and Pitfalls
Shock and Safety Hazards and the NEC
Lightning Protection and Control

    
Lightning Strike Umbrella Envelope
     Potential Earth Gradients
     Magnetic-Field Couplings
     Aerial Terminals and Earthing Systems
     Surge Suppressors
Power Grounds
     Avoid Loops with NEC Grounding
     Hardware, Conductors and GFIs
     Power Grounding and Conditioning
Signal Grounding
     Signal Return vs. "Ground" Return
     Why and Where?
     Circuit Transmission-Line Distortion
     Analog Circuits
     Digital Grounds to PCB Planes
     Mixed Digital and Analog
Cable and Connector Grounding
     How and Where?
     Grounding Methodology
Box and System-Level Grounding
     The Interconnect Dilemma
     Multiple Grounds and Solutions

Day 1, p.m. - Basics of Shielding

Shielding Effectiveness
    
Reflection and Absorption Losses
Shielding Materials and Coatings
    
Metal Box Housings
     Metalized Plastic Boxes and Composites
Aperture Leakage and Their Control
     The Leakage Math Model
     Securing the Aperture Leakage
     Securing Entry/Exit Cables and Devices
Shielded Windows
     Screen and Knitted-Wire Mesh
     Thin Conductive Films
     Convection and Forced-Air Cooling
Electrical Gaskets
     Spring-Finger Stock
     Mesh Gaskets
     Conductive Elastomers
     Vulcanized-in-Place Gaskets
Box and Housing Shield Designs
     Selecting the Box Shielding Material
     Identifying Major Leakage
     Trade-Offs Among Leakage Controls
     Designing for Overall Shield Effectiveness
Architectural Shielding
     Old and New Walls, Floors and Ceilings
     Windows and Vents (HVAC)
Shielded Rooms
Cable Shielding and Performance

     Shield Coverage and Transfer Impedance
     Shield Performance

Day 2, a.m. - EMI and Control Issues

Fields Levels, Meaning and Threats
Electrical Noise Sources

    
Licensed Transmitters
     Low-Level Transmitters
     Electrical Ballast, Variable-Speed Controls, SMPSs
     Lightning and ESD
     Switching Transients and Load Dumps
     Motors, Relays and Solenoids
Analog Devices and Logic Victims and Their EMI Properties
    
Noise Immunity Levels vs. Bandwidth
     RF Demodulation and its Control
     Printed Circuit Boards
     EMI Exit and Entry Control
     Signal Integrity Protection
     Trace Layout and Rules
     Managing I/O Problems
     Run Software Design Control
EMI Device Reciprocity
Threat and Victim Levels and Margins


Overview: The Five EMI Coupling Paths
Common-Ground Impedance Coupling

     Signal Return Path or Ground Return?
     Single or Multipoint Grounding?
     Conductor Impedance: Wires, Grids and Planes
     Ground Separation and Isolation
     Practical Solutions: PCB to Room Level

Day 2, p.m. - Principal EMI Coupling Paths and Control

Field-to-Wire Loop Coupling and Control
     Signal Return Path or Ground Return?
     Math Models and Tables
     Common-Mode (CM) Voltages
     Loop Area Reduction Techniques
Ground-Loop Coupling (GLC)
     CM-to-Differential Mode Conversion
     Class Examples
GLC Reduction Techniques
     Floating and Single-Point Grounds
     RF Blocking Chokes
     Balanced Line Drivers and Receivers
     Signal Transformers and Baluns
     CM Absorptive Ferrites
     Feed-Through Capacitors and PCAs
     Signal Filters
     Optical Isolators and Fiber Optics
     Wireless: Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b
Field-to-Cable, D-M Coupling/Reduction
     Balanced Wire Pairs + Models
     Twisting Wire Pairs + Models
     Shielded and Coaxial Cables
More on Cables and Connectors
     Cable Shields: Ideal vs. Compromises
     Optical Coverage and Transfer Impedance
     Double, Isolated Shields and Tris/Quads
     Interaction of Ground Loops with Ground Shields
     Grounding Rules for Cable Shields
     Ribbon Cables and Shields
     Filter-Pin Connectors and PCAs
     Cable Harness Shields and Connectors
Crosstalk and Its Control
     Capacitive and Inductive Coupling
     Basic Crosstalk Model: PCB Traces
     Basic Crosstalk Model: Wire Cables
     Crosstalk Reduction Techniques
Power-Line Coupling and Reduction
     CM & DM Coupling thru Power Mains
     Transformer Parastatic Coupling
     Faraday-Shielded Transformers
     Control of SMPS Noise
     Power-Line Disturbances
     Reduction Options for P-L Disturbances
     Uninterruptable Power Supplies
     Standby Diesel-Engine Driven Generators

System EMC Design and Installation (1 day)

Course Overview and Expectations

A.M. Session - System EMC Design Methodology and Procedures Traditional Strategies for System-Level, EMC Design
Why they often fail - now or latently
System Integration and Interfacing

Defining the EM Environment
Limitations of MIL-STD and EU
"Rack-and Stack" Engineering
Grounding Mismatches
Power Mismatches
Cable and analog/digital Mismatches
Working with Box Mismatches

Designing the System from the Get-go

Optimizing Performance and Scoring
Re-defining the EM Environment
Defining Analog and Digital Immunity
The Emitter-Receptor Matrix
Defining the Grounding Tree
Cable Interface Engineering
Box and Housing Selection
Putting it all together

Disciplined Strategies and Rationale System-Level EMI Prediction and Control

Overview of the Design Methodology
Example: Broadcast Station Jams Digital Data Link
Procedure for Problem Solution
Class Solves Problem Using Manual
Forms, Graphics and Procedures
Critique of Solution Results
Options for Alternate Solutions
What to Do when there are Multiple Radiating Sources?
Strategies for Problem Solutions

P.M. Session - System Design and Installation Using Software

Computer Prediction Using Problem-Solving Software
Re-run above a.m. Session Class Problem, Now Using Software
Critique Problem Solution
Find Three Solutions to Select Best
Best Solution Involves Non-EMI Considerations
"What-If" Gaming with Examples
Repeat Problem with Multiple Emitters
Repeat Problem with Transients added to Multiple Emitter Sources
Reverse Procedures: What it Takes to Jam
Problem Repeated with Analog Link
Critique Solutions and Options
Combining the analog and digital solutions

Diagnostics and EMI Fixes (1 day)

Course Overview and Expectations


A.M. Session - Diagnostic Instruments and Fixes

 

Spectrum Analyzers and EMI Receivers
Wide-band Scopes and Probes
Antennas and Field Probes
RF Current and Voltage Probes
Power-Density and milliGauss Meters
Power Disturbance Analyzers
Time-Domain Reflectometers

Walkie Talkies and ESD Generators

Survey of 40 Principal EMI-Fix Components and Methods, Including:
     Signal Filters
     Power Filters
     Surge Suppressors
     Control Stray Inductance and Capacitance
     Power Sources Cleanup
     Ground-Loop Fixes
     Common-Impedance Fixes
     Field-to-Cable Fixes
     Differential Mode, Field-to-Cable Fixes
     Crosstalk Fixes
     EMI Shielding Fixes
     Shielded Enclosures
     Apeature Leakage Fixes
     Victim Hardening Fixes
Fix Matrix
Fix Installation Guidelines
Fix Installation Procedures

P.M. Session - Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures

 

The FCC/EU Regulation Limitations
Tests which can be made without Instruments
Diagnostic Techniques and Methods
The Forced-EMI Failure Method
Procedure Diagrams
Diagnostic Procedures:
     Inside the Equipment or Product
     Within the Room or Area
     Within the Building
     Distant Locations
Examples and Case Histories:
     Hospital EMI Problem
     Oil-Drilling Site, Cable Problem
     Faulty Category-5 Cable Performance
     Industrial-Process Control Failures
     Broadcast Transmitter Jams Computer Network
     Large-Crane Control Problem
     Cab Radio Jams Audio Studio
     Aluminum Window which Shocks
     Seashore-induced EMI Problem
     Student-Presented Problem

 

Wireless Telecom EMC Design
(you can take any one-course day up to 3 days)

Wireless Comm. System EMC Design (3 days)

Course Overview and Expectations


Day 1 - A.M. Session - Wireless Communication Systems

Introduction to Wireless Comm. Systems
     Description of Wireless Comm. Systems
     Wireless Communication System Applications
     Characteristics of Wireless Comm. Systems
     Rules, Regulations and Standards
     Frequency Allocations
     System Design Trade-Offs

Types of Service
    
Cellular, PCS, and WCS
    Wireless LANS

   
Fixed Point-to-Point Microwave
     Last-mile, Broadband Internet Access
     Short-Range Wireless, Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b Networks
     Satellite
System Design Considerations
    
Design Parameters

     Design Requirements (Bandwidth or Data Rate)
     Type of Information (Analog or Digital)
     Performance Requirements
     Frequency, Range, Transmitter Power, Antenna Pattern, Antenna Height, Polarization
     Receiver Sensitivity
     Signal Format (FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, GSM, PRN Spread Spectrum, Frequency Hopping)
     What 3G (3rd Generation Wireless) Portends
     Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Day 1 - P.M., Wireless Comm. Systems (cont.)

 

Spectrum Allocations
    
Cellular Bands
     PCS Bands
     WCS Bands
     ISM Bands
Electromag. Compatibility Considerations
    
EMI Case Histories
     EMI Effects in Analog/Digital Systems
     Cosite EMI Problems
     Some Cosite EMI Solutions
Transmitter/Receiver EMI Interactions
    
Overview of the four TX/RX Interactions
     Transmitter Fundamental to RX Fundamental
     Transmitter Noise to Receiver Fundamental
     Transmitter Fundamental to Receiver Spurious
     Transmitter Spurious to Receiver Spurious
     TX/RX Suppression Techniques
     Receiver Desensitization
     Intermodulation Prediction and Control
System Design Example
    
Definition of Requirements
     Capacity
     Cell Size
     Frequency Reuse
     Range
     Antenna Heights
     Equipment Characteristics



Day 2 - A.M. Session - EMC Requirements for Wireless Comm. Systems

 

Introduction to EMC Design
   
Channel Loading Problems
     Cosite EMI Interactions
     Sources of EMI - Transmitters
     Modes of Coupling - Antennas & Propagation
     Susceptible Equipment - Receivers
     Effects of EMI
Major EMC Considerations

   
Frequency Use Plan
     Separation Distance Requirements
     Directional Selectivity/Sector Coverage
     Separation in Time Domain
EMI Scenarios
    
Co-Channel EMI
     Adjacent Channel EMI
     Transmitter Fundamentals/Receiver Spurious
     Transmitter Noise/Receiver Fundamental
     Receiver Desensitization
     Out-of-Band Emissions
     Out-of-Band Responses
     Intermodulation
EMC System Design Process
    
EMC Analysis for System Design
     Systems Design Equation
     Transmitter Emission Characteristics
     Receiver Susceptibility Characteristics
     Antennas and Propagation

Day 2 - P.M. Session - EMC Design Parameters

 

TX Characteristics for EMC Design
    
Fundamental Power Output
     Transmitter Noise
     Spurious Emissions
Receiver Characteristics for EMC Design
    
Fundamental Sensitivity
     RF and IF Selectivity
     Spurious Responses
     Effects of Overloading (Saturating) Receiver Font End
Antenna Characteristics for EMC
    
Basic Antenna Types
     Radiation Patterns
     Polarization
     Gain and Bandwidths
     Near Field Effects
Propagation Aspects for EMC Design
    
Propagation Modes
     Free Space Propagation
     The Hata Propagation Model
     Cosite Antenna-to-Antenna Coupling
 

Day 3 - A.M. Session
Antenna Separation vs. System Technology

 

Antenna Separation Requirements for EMC
    
Antenna Polariztion Effects
     Relative Orientation
     Horizontal Separation Requirements
     Verticle Separation Requirements

     Out-of-Band Isolation
     Providing Isolation to Reduce Antenna Separation Requirements
Signal Formats for EMC
     
Single Channel
     Multiple Users (FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, GSM)
     Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b
     Modulation Considerations
     Spread Specturm
     Frequency Hopping
     Pseudo-Random Noise Sequence
Equipment Selection
     Minimum Power
     Filters for Transmitters
     Pre-Selectors & Filters for Receivers
     Sector Antennas
System Design Trade-Offs
     Transmitter Power
     Receiver Sensitivity
     Antenna Height
     Microcells
     Microcellular Distribution System
     Channel Loading/Band Occupancy
Equipment Placement and Installation
     Antenna-to-Antenna Isolation
     Provide Adequate Separation
Example of Design for EMC
     Problem Definition
     Required Data
     Data Sources
     Transmitter Power
     Transmitter Spurious Emissions
     Transmitter Filters
     Receiver Noise Floor
     Receiver EMI Thresholds
     Receiver Filters
     Antenna Patter
     Propagation Loss
     EMI Power at Receiver
     EMI Status
     EMI Fixes if Required
Summary

 

EMC for Managers
(1/2 to 1 day)

Course Overview and Expectations

What are EMC and EMI?
The EMI Environment

    Contrast EMI with water and air pollution
        and mechanical, thermal, & chemical effects
    EMI - The Invisible Giant
    Understanding the E3 Environmental Threats
    Electromagnetic Terrorism (only if applicable)
    What EMI Levels Really Mean
The EMI Victim
   Some Analog and Digital Stuff
    Why Equipment and Systems Fail
    Analog Fails Gracefully
    Digital Crashes – More Scary & Uncertain
EMI Episodes
    It Takes Three to Tango
    Bigger is more Vulnerable
    Classical EMI Episodes
    Some Simply Explained EMI Fixes
The Equipment/System EMI Life Cycle
Concept, Design, Mfg., Installation, Maintenance and Update/Retrofit

   Everything Ages for Different Reasons
    Aerospace & Ship Platforms Last 35 years
    Some Instruments & Devices Last 10 Years
    Computers May Last 3 years
    Some Data Base Updates are Daily
Syndromes and Attitudes
   It Worked Before, So Get a Waiver
    If it Ain’t Broke, Don’t Fix it
    EMC Brings Questionable Value-added
    Design?-Build-test-fix-test-fix-test…..
Risks and Costs for EMC and Waivers
What EMC Costs to Achieve in Life Cycles

   Risks for Limited EMC and Waivers
    Risk-Cost Ratios
    Score Your Own Risk-Cost Ratios
    Then, CYA – Cover Your Anatomy
Legal Reasons for EMC
Lawyers & Our Litigious Society

   Negligence and Failure-to-Warn
    Regulations, Specifications and Standards
    Regs and Standards Compliance
    But, compliance does not ensure EMC and why
Industrial Reasons for EMC
Impact on the Bottom Line

   Revisiting Legal Reasons
    Marketing and Competitive Benefits
    Applications Engineering and Customer Relations
The EMI Control Plan
Sample EMI Control Plan Outline

   Lip Service or with Teeth?
    Why Many Fail? What’s Missing?
    Facts about EMC Margins & Mission Criticality
    Ask these questions at Design-Review meetings
    Policies, Planning and Documentation
EMC Audit Trails
EMC System Engineering – a Joke?

    So, What’s Wrong and Why?
    Design at the System Level for EMC Performance
    Quantitative EMC Figures-of-Merit
    Revisiting EMC Margins
    Now, EMC Audit Trails are Achievable
EMC Engineer – Manager Frustrations
EMC engineers’ frustrations about their managers
Managers’ frustrations about EMC engineers
Empathy and what it takes to communicate
A little golf, fishing or cookout may help
But, listen… and speak an understandable language
15 EMC Tools & Rules for Managers
with Supporting Rationale

 

MIL-STD-461E & -464 Compliance
(5 days)

 

Day 1 - MS 461E & EMC Basics

Course Overview and Expectations
XXMS-461E Mission and Objectives
XXSystem-Level EMC Objectives
XXPlatform-Level EMC Objectives

Contractual and Document Matters
XXEMC-Related Documents
XXEMI Control Plan
XXEMI Test Plan
XX-461E vs. System EMI Failures
XXWavers and Deviations
XXAccuracy and Compliance Margins

Some Necessary EMC Basics
XXTerms and Definitions
XXAcronyms Used in MIL-STD-461E
XXEMI Sources & E3 MIL-STD-464
XXEMI Victims
XXEMI Coupling Paths
XXSome EMI Solutions

Cost Considerations
XXCost for EMI Control Engineering
XXCOTS, Pros and Cons

Life Cycles and Aging Effects
XXFailure Diagnostics Identification
XXFixing EMI Failures

Day 2 - Facilities & Emission Test Instrumentation

Test Facility and Test Chambers
XXOpen-Air Test Site
XXShielded Rooms
XXRoom Errors and Mitigation
XXReverberation Chambers
XXVibrating Reverb. Chambers
XXAnechoic Chambers

Test Emission Sensors
XXReceiver Antenna Factors
XXAntennas < 1 GHz
XXAntennas > 1 GHz
XXBroadband Antennas
XXErrors and Mitigation
XXSmall Field Probes
XXCurrent Probes

Test Receivers and Analyzers
XXEMI (Field-Strength) Receivers
XXSpectrum Analyzers
XXReceiver Performance
XXReceiver Errors and Mitigation
XXBandwidth and Measurement Times<